STEP 2I mentioned above that a legal entity will open an accountant for you. Yes, yes, and yes again. To open a business in Turkey, you do not need a lawyer or a lawyer (as they call it here), an accountant is enough. The accountant knows everything and he knows perfectly well that this is his job, not a lawyer's. If you are told otherwise, run away from these people, no matter who they are accountants or lawyers ... (IMPORTANT).

   Founders can be both individuals and legal entities. Regardless of the nationality of the founders, a company established in Turkey is a Turkish company and is in absolutely the same conditions as any other Turkish company. Participation as a founder of a Turkish citizen is not obligatory and does not provide any advantages.

   I don't know your business goals, so I'll tell you about mine. I opened a 50/50 business with a local Turkish citizen. That is, we have two founders. In order to free our hands more, we opened (SHYRKET - this is the name of a legal entity in Turkey) a medium-sized business. Our authorized capital at that time was 200 thousand Turkish liras, 100 thousand from each.

   On the appointed day, my partner and I came to the accountant's office. Before arriving a few days in advance, we told the accountant the name of the company that we came up with so that he would check if there were any matches and if we could call our company that.

   We submitted our tax numbers, I already had a tax number then, if you don’t have one, then in principle now you can get it online. And your accountant can do it right there.

   My partner presented a kimlik (identity card of a Turkish citizen) and an education document, I provided an ikamet (residence permit certificate) and a copy of a diploma of higher education with notarized translation. I also provided a notarized copy of my passport of a citizen of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

   This was the end of our work that day, and we sat drinking tea, talking and asking the accountant a bunch of what we thought were important questions.

   The accountant began to find out the proposed scope of our activities in order to prescribe them in the company's charter. Out of the kindness of my soul, I gave him a bunch of options, as it is done with us - “a hundred million” types. He nodded and then froze. It turns out that all activities are prescribed in the official (full) name of the company. Therefore, it is necessary to select several main types so that the name is not clogged with areas of activity. At the same time, activities have groups and subgroups, so if you have an intelligent accountant, he will tell you how to do it right. For example, the field of "TOURISM" immediately includes the opening of catering, renting everything related to tourists, and in general any activity related to tourism. In general, a good accountant will help you 😊 I can’t describe all the options here, it’s too much and tedious.

    The use of words such as “Turkish”, “Turkey”, “national”, “republican” in the company name is allowed only with the permission of the Council of Ministers of Turkey. Foreign words in the company name can only be used by foreign founders.

   Specifically, we chose 4 types of İNŞAAT, EMLAK, SİTE YONETIM, TURİZM (construction, real estate, residential complex management, tourism). Your choice may be different.

   The founders of the company are required to join the Entrepreneurs' Pension Fund (Bağ-Kur) and pay monthly contributions, unless they are in a compulsory insurance program in another country.

   A minimum of one director must be appointed, there may be two or more directors with equal powers who may act separately, and there may also be two or more directors "with joint right to sign" - such directors can only act jointly, but not individually.

    The director is appointed upon the establishment of the company (written in the Articles of Association), or can be appointed at any time or removed by the decision of the Board of Founders. The decision to appoint or remove a director is made by the founders representing the majority of the authorized capital.

   The director can be either the founder of the company or an employee involved. A foreign founder can be a director in his company, but he can receive a director's salary only after he receives a work visa. A foreign citizen who is not the founder of a company can be appointed as a director only if he has previously obtained a work visa.

   The general rule applies here: if a foreign citizen intends to actually work in Turkey (personally produce, sell goods or provide services), then he must first obtain a work visa. If the director-foreigner, being the founder, is engaged only in the general strategic management of the company, and for operational management there is a hired director-citizen of Turkey, then it is not necessary to obtain a work visa.

   IMPORTANT (remember this, because I will return to this issue more than once in the future): we have two directors in the company. I named myself CEO, and my partner was just a director. At the moment this does not solve anything, but in the future we need to remember this. For if you, for example, have 5 founders, then all 5 may be various kinds of directors, and may not be all. In general, there are also some troubles. And you can talk about them and recommend solutions for each case. In fact, this is not good, in my opinion, and at the same time convenient. I will talk about the pros and cons below, as we get closer to this issue. Now you just need to remember about this possibility.

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